Articles

Civil War tourism just got easierOriginally published September 15, 2010 By Karen Gardner News-Post Staff  SHARPSBURG — A public-private partnership formed on the eve of the 150th anniversary of the start of the Civil War is aimed at bringing some of the 1.5 million annual visitors to Antietam National Battlefield to Civil War sites in [...]

Gaseous ether and chloroform were both widely available and there therapeutic impact was well known in Union and Confederate medical services.  Major surgery was carried out using these anesthetics if they were available.  It is estimated that greater than 90% of all major surgery was carried out with anesthetics.

The roots of modern plastic and reconstructive surgery can be traced to the surgical inventiveness of numerous military surgeons.  Men with severe facial and head wounds were the beneficiary of this “new” technology.

Early anesthesia techniques required patient restraint because the agents available affected the excitement phase of anesthesia causing the observed motor movements and patient vocalizations.  Patient’s only appeared to be awake based on their vocalizations and movements.  Effectively administered anesthesia provided a safer intra-operative and post-operative surgical experience.

While it is true 19th Century medical education was simplistic compared to our standards today medicine then was one of the few professions requiring a student to complete a formal medical curriculum dealing with specific elements of medical knowledge.  Many 19th Century physicians also completed an apprenticeship with a skilled physician, and if time and [...]

FACT:  By late 1862, early 1863 Union and Confederate medical services went to great lengths to examine (oral and written) their previously commissioned and new surgeon candidates.  Higher standards were set for surgeon and assistant surgeon and by early 1863 most of the men practicing as military surgeons or contract civilian doctors were suitably skilled [...]

Northern and Southern records indicate several hundred women served in the ranks, but they were far outnumbered by the thousands of women who served as domestic laborers providing hospital relief services in urban centers, military camps, and the field.  Far more women served directly in nursing or matron roles during the war than as soldiers.  [...]